Table 5b. Impact of different pesticide chemistries on key natural enemy groups

Chemical group

& trade name

Common name

IOBC toxicity ratings to natural enemy groups*

Pirate bugs

Predatory plant bugs

Green lacewings

Brown lacewings

Lady beetles

Earwigs

Parasitic flies

Parasitic hymenoptera

Predatory mites

Spiders

Adults

Nymphs

Adults & nymphs

Adults & nymphs

Adults & nymphs

Adults & nymphs

Organophosphates

Diazinon 50WP

diazinon

1-3

1-3

X

2-3

2-3

1-2, 4

X

3-4

2-3, 4

2

1-3

Dimethoate 2.67EC

dimethoate

2-3

2-3

X

3-4

3-4

3-4, 4

X

3-4

3-4, 4

2-3

3-4

Guthion 50WP

azinphos-methyl

1-4

1-4

1-4

1-4

1-4

4

X

3

3-4, 1-4

2

1-2

Imidan 70WP

phosmet

1-2

1-2

X

3, 1-2

3, 1-2

3, 3-4

1-4

1, 2-4

3-4

3-4, 1-2

X

Lorsban 50WP

chlorpyrifos

X

X

X

2

2

4

X

X

4

2-3

X

Malathion ULV

malathion

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Supracide 2E

methidathion

3-4

3-4

X

3-4

3-4

X

X

3-4

3-4

X

3-4

Organotins

Vendex 50WP

fenbutatin oxide

X

X

X

X

X

1

X

X

1

2

X

Oxadiazines

Avaunt 30WG

indoxacarb

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

1-2

1

Pyrethroids

Asana 0.66EC

esfenvalerate

4

4

X

2-3

2-3

X

X

X

3, 2-4

4

4

Danitol 2.4EC

fenpropathrin

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

4

X

Ambush 2EC

permethrin

4

4

X

4

4

X

X

X

3-4, 2-3

4

4

Pyridazinones

Pyramite 60WP

pyridaben

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

2

X

Tetrazines

Apollo 50SC

clofentezine

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

1-2

X

Others

Success 2L

spinosad

X

X

X

1-2

1-2

X

X

X

2-4

X

X

Omni , Volck, etc.

horticultural minearl oil

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

1-2

2

X

Surround

kaolin

X

X

X

X

X

2-4

X

2-3

X

2-4

X

Microthiol

sulfur

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

lime sulfur

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

2-3

X

Microbials

Deliver, Dipel, Javelin

Bacillus thuringiensis

1-2

1-2

X

1-2

1-2

1-2

X

X

1-2

X

1-2

Carpovirusine, Cyd-X

granulosis virus

1-2

1-2

X

1-2

1-2

1-2

X

1-2

1-2

X

1-2

* IOBC toxicity ratings: 1 = harmless <25% mortality; 2 = moderately harmful 26-50% mortality; 3 = harmful 51 - 75% mortality; 4 = very harmful >75% mortality; X = no data available

Numbers in red adapted from '2003 Crop Protection Guide for Tree Fruits in Washington'